Tensions between Venezuela and Guyana on the rise

By James Blears

Venezuela’s government has brought a territorial dispute with Guyana to the surface by initiating a referendum that they insist reinforces their claim to have the area incorporated into their territory.

The oil-rich region is called Essequibo, covering 159,500 square kilometres of land, which is currently under the control of Guyana.

It came under their sphere of influence in 1899 via the ruling of an international panel giving it to Britain, which at the time was the controlling colonial power.

Venezuela argues this was an arbitrary imperialist decision, and the issue is now before the International Court of Justice, which Venezuela does not recognize on this matter.

Venezuela has now held its own referendum. The most biting and controversial question is whether a new Venezuelan state should be created.

According to Venezuelan authorities, 95.5 percent of those who voted said “Yes” to this.

Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro announced that this is a clear and decisive victory and that the territory in question must now be reclaimed and incorporated. This has been denounced by Guyana’s President, Ifaan Ali, who says it is precipitating the possibility of conflict on an issue of sovereignty. 

The spat surfaced after huge oil deposits were discovered by Exxon Mobil geologists. Tensions worsened after Guyana held auctions last September for exploration licences. Guyanans protested on Sunday, forming a human chain to interlock their national rights. Guyana’s government says they will defend their territory and borders.

The International Court of Justice is warning Venezuela against taking any further action at this time. Their final decision is yet to be announced.